War

The joint U.S.–Israeli strikes against Iran mark a historic escalation, directly targeting the territory of a regime that has long defined itself through opposition to Washington and Jerusalem. This piece analyzes Iran’s deterrence architecture, the counter-proliferation logic behind the attacks, the structural limits of airpower, the centrality of stockpiles and political will in modern warfare, and the broader geopolitical implications, including China’s strategic interests in Middle Eastern stability and energy flows

The military escalation between the United States, Israel, and Iran opens up a high-risk scenario for transport and energy. From the threat of a blockade of the Strait of Hormuz—a crucial hub for oil and gas—to the closure of Gulf airspace, to the effects on maritime traffic, insurance, and logistics costs, the conflict is redrawing global routes and supply chains. Stock market crashes, jet fuel price increases, and rising freight rates redraw the map of those who lose out and those who can take advantage of a more unstable and fragmented market

The war between the US, Israel and Iran has dragged the Middle East into a high-intensity conflict with effects that extend beyond regional borders. Contributions from Bocconi professors illustrate the redefinition of the role of NATO and the EU, the tensions in energy markets linked to the risk of a blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, a crucial hub for global oil, and the consequences on logistics and international trade, including maritime traffic, insurance and transit costs. They also look at air traffic safety in an area that is central to intercontinental routes and the choices facing Europe and Italy, between energy dependence and diplomacy